Mobility can be a significant challenge for individuals with cerebral palsy (CP), and wheelchairs are often necessary to maintain independence and move around freely. However, not all wheelchairs are created equal. 

Whether you’re new to the world of wheelchairs or looking to upgrade, our experienced complex rehab equipment team is here to guide you through the different types of wheelchairs for cerebral palsy. Here’s what you should know. 

What Is Cerebral Palsy?

Cerebral palsy is a neurological disorder affecting movement, muscle tone, and coordination. It is caused by damage to the developing brain, usually before or during birth or the first few years of life. Brain damage can occur for various reasons, including genetic mutations, infections during pregnancy, lack of oxygen during childbirth, or head injury during infancy. 

Cerebral palsy symptoms vary from person to person and typically range from mild to severe. Common symptoms include, but aren’t limited to, the following: 

  • Difficulty with movement and coordination 

  • Spasticity or stiffness in the muscles 

  • Tremors or involuntary movements

  • Difficulty with speech and communication

  • Intellectual disabilities 

  • Vision and hearing problems

There’s no cure for cerebral palsy, though treatment options can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Treatments can include physical and occupational therapy, medications to control spasticity, and assistive devices such as braces or wheelchairs. 

Types of Wheelchairs for Cerebral Palsy

1. Manual Wheelchairs

Manual wheelchairs are self-propelled, meaning users must use their upper body strength to move the chair. They’re lightweight, easy to transport, and can come in various sizes customized to your needs, including height, weight, and seating requirements. 

The upside of manual wheelchairs is users get exercise navigating and powering the chair. However, some people with cerebral palsy may have limited arm strength or control, so traditional wheelchairs might not always be the best option. 

2. Power Wheelchairs 

A power wheelchair is propelled with an electric motor and battery rather than being pushed, making them ideal for users with limited upper body strength or mobility. Most electric wheelchairs for cerebral palsy are controlled with a joystick. However, other adaptive devices, such as touchpads or eye gaze controls, are also available. 

3. Tilt-In-Space Wheelchairs

Tilt-In-Space (TIS) wheelchairs are complex power chairs that allow the seat and backrest to tilt as one unit. This feature provides several benefits for individuals with cerebral palsy, such as: 

  • Improved comfort and posture - Tilt-In-Space chairs provide enhanced comfort for individuals with cerebral palsy who have difficulty maintaining a comfortable sitting position. The tilt function also helps distribute pressure and offers additional support for the back and neck – reducing the risk of scoliosis. 

  • Better breath support - The Tilt-In-Space feature can improve breathing by allowing the chest to expand more fully; this can help reduce respiratory infections and improve overall respiratory health. 

  • Increased independence - TIS wheelchairs can also provide increased independence for individuals with cerebral palsy who require assistance with positioning. The tilt function allows for easier transfers and improved access to different environments. You can adjust the degree of tilt based on the user’s specific needs. 

4. Reclining Wheelchairs 

Reclining chairs allow the user to recline the backrest, which can be helpful for individuals who need to change positions frequently or want extra body support. The reclining feature offers many of the same benefits as Tilt-In-Space chairs, including relief of pressure, comfort, and improved circulation. 

5. Standing Wheelchairs 

Standing wheelchairs might be an option for some children with cerebral palsy. These electric-powered chairs allow users to stand upright and move around while supported by the wheelchair. They typically resemble a segway or scooter and are controlled with a joystick on the armrest. 

Standing chairs can help improve circulation, bone density, and bowel and bladder function. They’re also beneficial for those who experience difficulty with pressure sores or other skin-related issues. 

What to Look For in a Wheelchair for Cerebral Palsy

When choosing a wheelchair for someone with cerebral palsy, it’s essential to consider the individual’s needs and abilities, as well as their lifestyle and daily activities. Other factors to think about include the following: 

  • Proper fit - Ensure the wheelchair fits the user appropriately. A chair that’s too big or small could cause discomfort and even lead to pressure sores. Look for a wheelchair that’s adjustable in terms of seat width, depth, and height. 

  • Mobility and maneuverability - If users can propel themselves, you might consider a manual wheelchair. However, if they have limited upper body strength or mobility, a power wheelchair may be a better option. Also, consider the size of the wheels, as larger ones provide more stability and easier maneuverability. 

  • Support and comfort - Individuals with cerebral palsy may have issues with posture and balance. Therefore, it’s important to look for a wheelchair that provides adequate support and comfort. Look for a wheelchair with good back and seat support and cushioning for pressure relief. 

  • Durability and maintenance - Wheelchairs are an important investment, and you want to get your money’s worth. Find a wheelchair that’s durable and easy to maintain. You might also want to consider the weight of the wheelchair, as heavier wheelchairs can be more challenging to transport. 

  • Accessories and customizations - Consider any additional accessories or customizations you might need. For example, individuals with cerebral palsy may require specialized headrests, footrests, or other positioning aids. 

What Do I Do if I Need a Wheelchair? 

If you or a loved one have cerebral palsy and need a wheelchair, there are several steps you’ll need to take, including: 

  1. Consult with a doctor - Start by talking to your doctor or healthcare provider. They can assess your mobility needs and determine if you have a qualifying diagnosis. 

  2. Contact your insurance provider - If you have health insurance, contact your provider and find out what kind of coverage they offer for wheelchairs. Some insurance plans will cover the cost of a wheelchair, but you may need to meet certain criteria or get a prescription from your doctor. 

  3. Work with a mobility specialist - You can work with a mobility specialist to find and order the right wheelchair. These professionals will assess your needs, help you select the appropriate wheelchair, and provide training on how to use it. At Freedom Mobility, our RESNA-certified Assistive Technology experts can even build you a custom power wheelchair solution. 

Do You Need an Electric Wheelchair in California?

At Freedom Mobility, we help individuals find rehab equipment for their medical needs. 

We also offer wheelchair repair services throughout California, including San Francisco, Sacramento, Stockton, Clearlake, and more! 

Don’t hesitate to reach out if you have issues with your chair’s battery. Contact us to schedule a FREE consultation or see if you qualify today!