Wheelchairs are often considered a symbol of disability, but for millions worldwide, they’re an essential tool for mobility and independence. Whether you’re a quadriplegic, a caregiver, or simply interested in learning more about this vital aspect of the disability community, here are several types of wheelchairs for people with quadriplegia and how they work. 

What Is Quadriplegia?

Quadriplegia, also known as tetraplegia, is a condition that affects a person’s ability to move all four limbs and torso due to a spinal cord injury. It usually results from severe damage to the cervical spinal cord, which can cause paralysis of the arms, legs, and body. 

Depending on injury severity, quadriplegia can also affect the individual’s ability to breathe, speak, and perform other vital functions. 

Types of Wheelchairs for Quadriplegics

There are several types of wheelchairs available for people with quadriplegia. That said, the choice of wheelchair will depend on the individual’s specific needs and preferences. Some common types of wheelchairs for quadriplegics include: 

1. Power Wheelchairs

A power wheelchair is a type of wheelchair powered by an electric motor and battery. Power wheelchairs are easier to operate than manual wheelchairs and are ideal for individuals with limited mobility. 

Custom seating systems aside (we’ll touch on those below), most power chairs offer sophisticated control systems that allow the user to operate the wheelchair and control its movements. Some of the most common drive control options include the following: 

  • Joystick control - This is the most common and intuitive control option for power wheelchairs. The user operates the wheelchair by moving a joystick in the direction they want to go. 

  • Head control - This option is designed for individuals with limited or no upper-body mobility. The user can operate the wheelchair by moving their head or neck to control the movement of the chair. 

  • Chin control - Similar to head control, the user can move the chair with their chin. 

  • Sip-and-Puff control - These controls are meant for individuals with limited or no use of their hands or arms. The user controls the chair by blowing or sucking on a straw-like device to activate the chair’s controls. 

  • Touchscreen control - The user can touch different areas of the touchscreen display to move the chair in different directions. 

An experienced complex rehab equipment expert can build a custom power wheelchair solution for you, guaranteeing the chair’s comfort, effortless maneuverability, and suitability to your medical necessities. 

2. Standing Wheelchairs

Standing wheelchairs allow users to stand upright. This can benefit people with quadriplegia who experience muscle atrophy and other health problems related to lack of movement. That said, standing wheelchairs are typically more expensive than other mobility devices and aren’t suitable for everyone. 

3. Tilt-In-Space Wheelchairs

A Tilt-In-Space wheelchair allows users to adjust the seat and backrest angles as a single unit. This means that when the user tilts back, the seat and backrest maintain the same angle, which helps to redistribute pressure across the body and prevent the user from sliding forward. 

Tilt-In-Space wheelchairs offer several other benefits for people with quadriplegia, including: 

  • Pressure relief - The ability to tilt the wheelchair back can help relieve pressure on the buttocks and coccyx, common areas for pressure ulcers to develop in people who use wheelchairs for extended periods.  

  • Increased comfort - You can adjust Tilt-In-Space wheelchairs to provide a more comfortable seating position for the user. This may include adjusting the angle of the seat, backrest, and footrests to reduce pressure and provide a more natural sitting position. 

  • Better control - This type of power wheelchair can also help improve the user’s stability. Adjusting the center of gravity gives the user better control of their movements and reduces the risk of tipping over. 

  • Ease of caregiving - The tilt feature can also make it easier for caregivers to perform tasks such as feeding, hygiene, and dressing, as the user can be tilted back to a more accessible position. 

4. Reclining Wheelchairs 

Reclining wheelchairs can be an option for people with quadriplegia, depending on their needs and abilities. This type of power wheelchair allows the user to tilt the backrest independently of the seat, providing additional support and comfort. 

However, there are some potential disadvantages of reclining wheelchairs for quadriplegics. For example, the reclining position can make it more difficult for the user to maintain proper posture, which could lead to discomfort and other issues. Additionally, the reclining feature may not be as stable as a Tilt-In-Space wheelchair, which can be a concern for individuals who require additional support. 

Overall, it’s essential to consult with a healthcare professional or rehabilitation specialist to determine which type of wheelchair will best suit your needs. 

Factors to Consider When Choosing a Wheelchair

Choosing a wheelchair for someone with quadriplegia is a critical decision that requires careful consideration. Here are some tips that can help you in selecting the right wheelchair. 

  • Evaluate the size and weight - The size and weight of a wheelchair are crucial considerations. For example, you don’t want a chair that’s ill-fitting or too heavy to maneuver. A wheelchair that’s too small or large could cause discomfort or even injury. 

  • Assess your seating options - Choose a wheelchair that provides proper support and comfort for the user. Seating options may include adjustable back, arm, and footrests. 

  • Look for durability - Power wheelchairs should be durable and easy to maintain. Look for an option made from high-quality materials that can withstand frequent use. Pick a wheelchair you can easily maintain and find replacement parts as necessary. 

  • Test the wheelchair - Before purchasing a wheelchair, ensure it’s comfortable and easy to use. Make sure the wheelchair is a good fit for the user and meets their specific needs. Many mobility specialists or medical supply stores will let you try out a wheelchair before you buy. 

  • Consider the cost - Wheelchairs can be expensive, so it’s essential to consider the cost. Look for an affordable chair that provides the best value for your money. You may also want to check if your insurance covers the cost of the wheelchair. 

What Do I Do If I Need a Wheelchair?

If you need a power wheelchair, there are several steps you can take. First, you’ll need to talk to your doctor to determine if you have a qualifying diagnosis. You’ll also need to find an experienced mobility company to help you get a power wheelchair. 

At Freedom Mobility, a RESNA-certified Assistive Technology (ATP) team can evaluate your needs and build a customized power wheelchair solution. 

Do You Need Help Finding an Electric Wheelchair?

From San Francisco to Sacramento, Stockton to Clearlake, Freedom Mobility will work with your doctor or insurance to help you get a power wheelchair. 

Need wheelchair repairs or adjustments? We’ll come to you — even if you didn’t originally purchase from us! 

Contact us today for a FREE consultation to see if you qualify!